Enam's Scholarly Articles on English

Orientalism is a term used by the literary and cultural studies scholars for the study of the aspects of Middle Eastern and East Asian cultures by American and European writers, designers and artists. The term has largely come into use in postcolonial studies and other fields after the publication of Edward Said’s highly influential and controversial book ”Orientalism” in 1978   and   acquired a negative connotation. In the book, Said effectively redefined the term "Orientalism" to mean a constellation of false assumptions underlying Western attitudes toward the Middle East.    "Orientalism" refers to the Orient or East, in contrast to the Occident or West, and often , as seen by the West . "Orientalism" is widely used in art, to refer to the works of the many Western 19th century artists, who specialized in "Oriental" subjects, often drawing on their travels to Asia. Such artists and scholars were described as "Orientalists" in t...